Which two components collect and convert light into an electrical signal in flat-panel detectors?

In flat-panel detectors, the collection and conversion of light into an electrical signal are primarily performed by the photodiode and charge-coupled device (CCD). Photodiodes are semiconductor devices that generate an electrical current when exposed to light, effectively converting the light photons produced by the scintillator layer into an electrical signal. This is essential in imaging systems, as it translates the visible light derived from X-ray interactions into a form that can be processed and viewed.

The charge-coupled device (CCD) also plays a crucial role in capturing these light signals. It functions by transferring the electric charge generated in response to light exposure along a substrate to be read out in a sequential manner. This image sensor is vital for achieving high-quality digital radiographic images, as it enhances sensitivity and allows for a more efficient image capture process.

The correct answer reflects the technological mechanisms used in flat-panel detectors, which rely on these two components to effectively gather and convert light into an electrical signal, facilitating high-resolution digital imaging in radiographic applications.