Which of the following factors influences Modulation Transfer Function (MTF)?

Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) is a critical concept in digital radiography that describes how well a system can reproduce (or transfer) detail from the object being imaged to the image itself. It is particularly important for assessing the quality of imaging systems because it quantifies the fidelity of spatial information at various levels of detail or spatial frequencies.

Spatial frequency is a measure of how rapidly the image content changes in space and is usually expressed in cycles per millimeter (mm). MTF evaluates the performance of imaging systems across these different spatial frequencies. Therefore, it is the spatial frequency that directly influences the MTF, as it determines how well the system can reproduce fine details. A higher MTF at a given spatial frequency indicates that the imaging system can more accurately reproduce those fine details, reflecting its resolution capabilities.

Other factors such as exposure time, beam energy, and temperature may affect the overall quality and functioning of the imaging system, but they do not directly define the MTF. For instance, exposure time may influence the image brightness or noise but does not specifically correlate to the system's ability to transfer details at different frequencies. Similarly, beam energy might affect contrast and penetration but again doesn't define how well detail is preserved across spatial frequencies. Temperature can influence