During digital formation processing, quantization takes place in which of the following?

Quantization occurs in the analog-to-digital converter (ADC) during digital image formation processing. This is a critical step where the continuous analog signal, which represents the image data, is converted into a discrete digital format. During quantization, the ADC samples the continuous signal at specific intervals and assigns a finite number of possible values, effectively rounding off the signal's amplitude to the nearest predefined value or level. This process ensures that the analog information can be accurately represented in a digital format, making it possible to store, manipulate, and transmit the data efficiently in a digital system.

The importance of quantization lies in its role in determining the resolution of the digital image; the more quantization levels available, the finer the detail that can be captured in the digital representation. Other components such as the image storage unit, image reconstruction system, and signal processor play roles in the later stages of data handling and image display but do not participate directly in the initial quantization process.